Atomic Mass Of K

Explanation: This means that 1 mole of potassium will have a mass of 39 grams.

Chemical properties of potassium - Health effects of potassium - Environmental effects of potassium

Multiply these numbers by the atomic mass to get each element's mass contribution. Mass contribution of K = 3 x 39.10 = 117.30 g/mol Mass contribution of Fe = 1 x 55.85 = 55.85 g/mol.
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››More information on molar mass and molecular weight. In chemistry, the formula weight is a quantity computed by multiplying the atomic weight (in atomic mass units) of each element in a chemical formula by the number of atoms of that element present in the formula, then adding all of these products together.

Atomic number	19
Atomic mass	39.0983 g.mol^-1
Electronegativity according to Pauling	0.8
Density	0.86 g.cm^-3 at 0 °C
Melting point	63.2 °C
Boiling point	760 °C
Vanderwaals radius	0.235 nm
Ionic radius	0.133 (+1)
Isotopes	5
Electronic shell	[ Ar ] 4s¹
Energy of first ionisation	418.6 kJ.mol^-1
Discovered by	Sir Davy in 1808

Potassium

The name is derived from the english word potash. The chemical symbol K comes from kalium, the Mediaeval Latin for potash, which may have derived from the arabic word qali, meaning alkali.
Potassium is a soft, silvery-white metal, member of the alkali group of the periodic chart. Potassium is silvery when first cut but it oxidizes rapidly in air and tarnishes within minutes, so it is generally stored under oil or grease. It is light enough to float into water with which it reacts instantly to release hydrogen, which burns with a lilac flame.

The chemistry of potassium is almost etirely that of the potassium ion, K⁺.

Applications

Most potassium (95 %) goes into fertilizers and the rest goes mainly into making potassium hydroxide (KOH), by the electrolysis of potassium chloride solution, and then converting this to potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃). Potassium carbonate goes into glass manufacture, expecially the glass used to make televisions, while potassium hydroxide is used to make liquid soaps and detergents. A little potassium chloride goes into pharmaceuticals, medical drips and saline injections.
Other potassium salts are used in baking, photography and tanning leather, and to make iodize salts. In all cases it is the negative anion, not the potassium, which is the key to their use.

Potassium in the environment

Most potassium occurs in the Earth's crust as minerals, such as feldspars and clays. Potassium is leached from these by weathering, which explains why there is quite a lot of this element in the sea (0.75 g/liter).
Minerals mined for their potassium are pinkish and sylvite, carnallite and alunite. The main mining area used to be Germany, which had a monopoly of potassium before the first World War. Today most potassium minerals come from Canada, USA and Chile. The world production of potassim ores is about 50 million tonnes, and reserves are vast (more than 10 billion tonnes).
Potassium is a key plant element. Although it is soluble in water, little is lost from undisturbed soils because as it is released from dead plants and animal excrements, it quickly become strongly bound to clay particles, and it is retained ready to be readsorbed by the roots of other plants.

Health effects of potassium

Potassium can be found in vegetables, fruit, potatoes, meat, bread, milk and nuts. It plays an important role in the physical fluid system of humans and it assists nerve functions. Potassium, as the ion K+, concnetrate inside cells, and 95% of the body's potassium is so located. When our kidneys are somehow malfunctioning an accumulation of potassium will consist. This can lead to disturbing heartbeats.

Potassium can effect you when breathed in. Inhalation of dust or mists can irritate the eyes, nose, throat, lungs with sneezing, coughing and sore throat. Higher exposures may cause a build up of fluid in the lungs, this can cause death. Skin and eye contact can cause severe burns leading to permanent damage.

Environmental effects of potassium

Together with nitrogen and phosphorous, potassium is one of the essential macrominerals for plant survival. Its presence is of great importance for soil health, plant growth and animal nutrition. Its primary function in the plant is its role in the maintenance of osmotic pressure and cell size, thereby influencing photosynthesis and energy production as well as stomatal opening and carbon dioxide supply, plant turgor and translocation of nutrients. As such, the element is required in relatively large proportions by the growing plant.

The consequences of low potassium levels are apparent in a variety of symptoms: restricted growth, reduced flowering, lower yields and lower quality produce.
High water soluble levels of potassium cause damage to germinating seedlings, inhibits the uptake of other minerals and reduces the quality of the crop.

Check out our potassium in water page

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Atomic Mass Of Kc

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K Atomic Number

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Atomic Mass

Atomic mass is based on a relative scale and the mass of ¹²C (carbon twelve) is defined as 12 amu.

Why do we specify ¹²C? We do not simply state the the mass of a C atom is 12 amu because elements exist as a variety of isotopes.

Carbon exists as two major isotopes, ¹²C, and ¹³C (¹⁴C exists and has a half life of 5730 y, ¹⁰C and ¹¹C also exist; their half lives are 19.45 min and 20.3 days respectively). Each carbon atom has the same number of protons and electrons, 6. ¹²C has 6 neutrons, ¹³C has 7 neutrons, and ¹⁴C has 8 neutrons and so on. Since there are a variety of carbon isotopes we must specify which C atom defines the scale.

All the masses of the elements are determined relative to ¹²C.

By the way, the mass of an element is not equal to the sum of the masses of the subatomic particles of which the element is made!

Average Atomic Mass

Since many elements have a number of isotopes, and since chemists rarely work with one atom at a time, chemists use average atomic mass.

On the periodic table the mass of carbon is reported as 12.01 amu. This is the average atomic mass of carbon. No single carbon atom has a mass of 12.01 amu, but in a handful of C atoms the average mass of the carbon atoms is 12.01 amu.

Why 12.01 amu? Professional peugeot citroen diagnostic software free download.

If a sample of carbon was placed in amass spectrometer the spectrometer would detect two different C atoms, ¹²C and ¹³C.

The natural abundances of ¹⁴C, ¹⁰C and ¹¹C are so low that most mass spectrometers cannot detect the effect these isotopes have on the average mass. ¹⁴C dating is accomplished by measuring the radioactivity of a sample, not by actually counting the number of ¹⁴C atoms.

The average mass of a carbon is calculated from the information the mass spectrometer collects.

The mass spectrometer reports that there are two isotopes of carbon,

98.99% of the sample has a mass of 12 amu (not a surprise since this is the atom on which the scale is based).

1.11% of the sample has a mass of 13.003355 amu (this isotope is 1.0836129 times as massive as ¹²C)

The average mass is simply a weighted average.

ave. mass = 12.01 amu

Atomic Mass Of K2

(Yes, the number 12.01 has the right number of significant figures, even though 1.11% only has 3 significant figures.)

If we know the natural abundance (the natural abundance of an isotope of an element is the percent of that isotope as it occurs in a sample on earth) of all the isotopes and the mass of all the isotopes we can find the average atomic mass. The average atomic mass is simply a weighted average of the masses of all the isotopes.

Isotope	Atomic Mass amu	Natural Abundance %
¹⁶O	15.99491	99.759
¹⁷O	16.99913	0.037
¹⁸O	17.99916	0.204

(Yes, the sig figs are correct.)

Another kind of question could be asked..

Copper has two isotopes ⁶³Cu and ⁶⁵Cu. The atomic mass of copper is 63.54. The atomic masses of ⁶³Cu and ⁶⁵Cu are 62.9296 and 64.9278 amu respectively; what is the natural abundance of each isotope?

substituting gives

(eq. A)

One equation and two unknowns..is there another equation? If there is another equation we would have two equations and two unknowns, and a system of two equations and two unknowns is solvable.

Since there are only two major isotopes of Cu we know that

Atomic Mass Of Kclo3

(eq. B)

Use eq. B to substitute for %⁶³Cu in eq. A.

To the correct number of significant figures

Of course, a question like the one above could be turned around another way.

Gallium, atomic mass 69.72 amu, has two major isotopes, ⁶⁹Ga, atomic mass 68.9257 amu, and ⁷¹Ga. If the natural abundance of each isotope is 60.00 and 40.00 % respectively what is the mass (in amu) of ⁷¹Ga.

69.72 amu = (0.6000 x 68.9257 amu) + (0.4000 x 71Ga)⁷¹Ga = 70.9249 amu

The mole

Element	mass of 1 atom (amu)	mass of 100 atoms (amu)
H	1.0079	100.79
C	12.01	1,201
W	183.9	18,390

What is the relative mass of 1 C atom as compared to 1 H atom?

C:H = (12.01/1.0079):1 = 11.92:1

What is the relative mass of 100 C atoms as compared to 100 H atoms?

C:H = (1,201/100.79):1 = 11.92:1

What is the relative mass of 1 W atom as compared to 1 H atom?

W:H = (183.9/1.0079):1 = 182:1

What is the relative mass of 100 W atoms as compared to 100 H atoms?

W:H = (183.9/1.0079):1 = 182:1

The point here? As long as the number of atoms remains the same the relative mass does not change.

Atoms are small, and it is possible to place 1.0079 g of H on a balance (possible but not easy in the case of hydrogen).

It is also possible to place 183.9 g W, or 12.01 g of C on a balance.

Now, I state with absolute certainty that I have placed the same number of atoms on each balance! How do I know? I know because the relative masses of the samples on the balance, are the same as the relative masses of the individual atoms.

W:H = (183.9 g/1.0079 g):1 = 182:1

C:H = (12.01 g/1.0079 g):1 = 11.92:1

The number of atoms I placed on the balance is know as a mole.

For many years the number of atoms in a mole remained unknown; however, now it is know that a mole of atoms contains 6.02214 x 10²³ atoms.

So, the periodic table provides us with a great deal of information.

The periodic table lists

the mass of an atom in amu,

the mass of a mole of atoms (i.e. the molar mass) in grams,

and the mass of 6.02214 x 10²³ atoms in grams

The atomic mass of C is 12.01 amu. What is the mass of 1 C atom?